Emergency Market Mapping and Analysis Toolkit

The Global Zurich Flood Resilience Programme seeks to understand the role played by market systems in building resilience to floods. Within the project's outcome 2, “The impact of floods on market systems will be assessed, and strategies will be put in place to reduce market system vulnerability.” Specifically, this PCMA intended to explore the actual and potential roles that local and global markets have in building or undermining the resilience of the communities and to identify applicable interventions in the project areas of the Zurich Flood Resilience Programme in Nepal.

Supplementary data sets for the 2016 PCMA in Harare looking at the water, sanitation and hygiene NFI market systems with respect to recurrent waterborne disease outbreaks in Harare. Practitioners should consult this document and authors for data sets in relation to WASH infrastructure, GIS locations and price mapping for specific services and commodities to reduce analysis duplication.

This report presents the summary findings of a Pre-Crisis Market Analysis (PCMA) carried out from June to September 2016 in Harare as part of a global programme funded by OFDA/USAID to understand how PCMA can be used to inform improved WASH emergency preparedness, response and resilience programming in complex urban environments. The summary seeks to pull together a city-level view of the WASH system based on the assessment, drawing out key commonalities and differences in the localities and presenting recommendations for emergency preparedness, response and resilience programming.

Jakarta is highly flood prone and experiences both moderate and severe floods on a regular basis. This pre-crisis market analysis was carried out to identify market response activities to help complement existing flood contingency plans. It focused on two intrinsically connected market systems, those for water supply and latrines. The report makes a number of recommendations for immediate risk mitigation, emergency preparedness and response and resilience building.

The Pre-Crisis Market Analysis (PCMA) was conducted in the Jamshoro, Umerkot, and Tharparkar districts of Sindh, Pakistan in late 2016. The three districts studied contain different livelihoods zones and bear different levels of risk for chronic drought and sudden-onset emergency, affecting the markets for goats, fodder, and water. While the study looked at the goat and wheat flour market systems, this report focuses on the wheat flour market only. The report recommends striking a balance between meeting basic needs in emergency response, and mitigation and longer-term development and resilience efforts. Specifically, it recommends conducting targeting and needs assessment exercises, investing in school feeding programs, expanding the fortification of wheat flour and improving the regulation of wheat flour quality.

The Pre-Crisis Market Analysis (PCMA) was conducted in the Jamshoro, Umerkot, and Tharparkar districts of Sindh, Pakistan in late 2016. The three districts studied contain different livelihoods zones and bear different levels of risk for chronic drought and sudden-onset emergency, affecting the markets for goats, fodder, and water. While the study looked at the goat and wheat flour market systems, this report focuses on the goat market only. While the goat market functions well in normal times, it has been severely disrupted by the drought conditions of the past few years. The report concludes that longer-term programming is required to increase resilience, but also makes recommendations for shorter-term efforts around targeting, sensitization and pursuing low-tech solutions to strengthening pastoralist resilience.

Residents of the riverine areas in Bangladesh's Gaibandha District suffer from annual and periodic severe flooding, which can be lead to prolonged displacement from their homes. Oxfam facilitated a Pre-Crisis Market Analysis in May 2016 to identify if alternatives to in-kind distributions of hygiene and sanitation materials were possible or appropriate, to build recommendations into contingency planning to improve preparedness and to mitigate the impact of regular crises.The report recommends that essential WASH NFIs should be distributed via restricted digital value vouchers redeemable at Fulchhari Market, with the exception of chlorine tablets, which should be distributed in kind. Relief actors should consider providing cash grants to traders for restocking if the anticipated need exceeds what they are able to restock themselves. The value of the voucher should be established at the WASH Cluster level through the development of a WASH NFI "basket." Meanwhile, any post-emergency sanitation interventions should aim to link beneficiaries to existing sanitation marketing programs rather than providing in-kind provision of hardware. They should further work with SanMarts to develop low-cost, flood-appropriate options for latrines. In areas where no sanitation marketing or micro-finance options exist, relief actors should aim to provide sanitation materials through the local market.

Almost seven years of violent conflict in the Lake Chad Basin region of West Africa – involving Boko Haram and military operations to counter them – has led to a devastating humanitarian crisis.

2011 was one of the driest years since 1950-51 in many pastoral zones in Ethiopia, leading to extreme food insecurity in the Somali region of the country.This assessment was conducted by Oxfam, Save the Children and Concern in order to determine the market systems' capacities to provide basic food products, including rice, pasta and sorghum, to the rural pastoralist communities during a severe drought and to judge what types of humanitarian responses might be required and feasible to ensure food security of these people during such a crisis situation. It found that all market systems studied seem to have the capacity to meet the respective needs of the population in Siti Zone – even during a severe drought. It suggests that cash based programming is a feasible alternative to in-kind distributions of food in Siti Zone. In this respect it would make sense to advocate for a policy change in the Somali region and try to motivate the responsible authorities to some pilot projects in which the government starts to distribute cash.