Emergency Market Mapping and Analysis Toolkit

Of the four major provinces affected by the monsoon floods in 2010, Sindh was the worst in numbers of people impacted and displaced. Over 30% of the more than 7.2 million flood-affected people in Sindh have been temporarily displaced, and planting for next year’s wheat crop is likely to be delayed. This report summarizes the findings of an inter-agency assessment team that looked at the impact of the devastating monsoon floods of 2010 on market systems in Sindh, Pakistan. Wheat flour, livestock fodder, agricultural labor, and bamboo/timber poles markets were selected for the assessment. The overall objective of the response options for the agricultural commodities is to restore the income of small farmers and agricultural laborers and strengthen their role in agricultural production and recovery. For the shelter materials, the objective is to support the repair and/or replacement of flood-damaged houses through local market systems, by promoting disaster-resistant construction technologies.

La zone du Nord Guéra, au Tchad, est une des régions les plus touchées par l’insécurité alimentaire. La sécheresse de 2009 a provoqué une crise alimentaire en 2010, et les prévisions pour la période de soudure 2011 sont alarmantes. La limitation des prix imposée par le gouvernement fin 2010 a suscité un désintérêt des commerçants pour la filière céréalière, et un afflux de retournés, causé par la crise libyenne, a provoqué une pression supplémentaire sur leurs moyens d’existences et entraîné une baisse des transferts monétaires venant de ce pays voisin. Une étude EMMA est alors parue indispensable pour appréhender le fonctionnement du marché des céréales sèches et les effets cumulés des crises sur ce marché, afin d’apporter une intervention la plus pertinente possible pour répondre aux besoins dans le département de Mangalmé. Les principales recommandations d’intervention sont un renforcement de l’accompagnement technique de producteurs et une adaptation des techniques de production ; un soutien à la diversification des capacités de production des ménages vulnérables ; un renforcement des capacités de stockage ; et des interventions monétisées à destination des plus vulnérables pour la couverture des besoins alimentaires de base en période de soudure.

Les régions du Kanem et du Bahr el Gazal ont une production agricole déficitaire chronique à cause de la sécheresse cyclique, de la variabilité spatio-temporelle de la répartition des pluies, de la désertification et de l'érosion. Les rendements prévisionnels de la campagne agricole actuelle sur l’ensemble du territoire du Tchad pour la plupart des cultures vivrières sont inférieurs de 8% par rapport à la moyenne quinquennale. Selon l’enquête du PAM réalisée en mars-avril 2011, 46,3% de la population du Kanem et 40,5% de la population du Bahr El Gazal sont en insécurité alimentaire sévère. Oxfam et ACF ont décidé de réaliser une étude EMMA des marchés des céréales (mil, sorgho et maïs), afin de définir les types de réponses et les modalités les plus appropriées pour répondre aux besoins humanitaires. L’étude recommande de réaliser des distributions gratuites sur la zone, en priorité dans les zones rurales. En parallèle, l’évolution des marchés étant dynamique et dépendant de facteurs externes, il sera essentiel de réaliser un suivi de la situation dans les mois qui viennent, autant au niveau de l’évolution de la capacité des systèmes de marché des céréales, qu’au niveau de l’accès alimentaire des populations vulnérables.

Conflict between the Taliban and Pakistani military forces in the North West Frontier Province, including the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, has led to a mass movement of internally displaced persons (IDPs) to host communities and camps in safer surrounding districts. The overall socio-economic indicators in the IDP camps are dismal, largely due to inadequate health facilities, insufficient education opportunities and poor hygiene and sanitation amenities, compounded with a host of protection issues. This EMMA pilot was conducted to investigate the effect of the IDP crisis on the tomato market system in Jalozai Camp, 30 km outside of Peshawar. This report presents two main programming recommendations, support for kitchen gardening within the camp, and supporting extremely vulnerable individuals to start small businesses within the camp via small grants and business development training.

Depuis Avril 2012, la situation sécuritaire au Nord Kivu s’est détériorée, et plus de 360,000 personnes ont fui leurs villages, amenant le nombre total de personnes déplacées à 914,000 dans la province. Ces déplacements ont engendré des épidémies de cholera, de l’insécurité alimentaire et ont poussé des réfugiés au dehors de frontières en Ouganda et au Rwanda. L’objectif de cette étude EMMA était de constituer une baseline des données de marchés du mais et du haricot et de déterminer si les conditions de marché sont réunies pour la mise en oeuvre d’une opération de cash and voucher dans la région. L’enquête conclut à la faisabilité de transferts monétaires sur Goma, Sake et Rubaya où les marchés sont dynamiques et le réapprovisionnement des commerçants ne pose pas de problème en toute période. Pour les autres zones, les transferts monétaires ne sont pas envisageables à l’heure actuelle, faute de capacité des marchés à répondre à la demande accrue que créerait un transfert monétaire et faute de la présence d’institutions financières pouvant assurer les transferts.

In August and September 2008, Haiti, the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere was struck by three tropical storms. 86,000 people are now living in temporary shelters. Livelihoods and crops have been destroyed, and the entire road system has been severely damaged. This study was a pilot of the nascent EMMA approach with the dual purpose of better understanding critical market systems (beans and timber) for the population affected by the cyclones and gaining learning that could be used to improve the toolkit itself. The report recommends the direct purchase of timber from regional traders for delivery to beneficiary sites. It may be worth investigating a voucher-system instead of an in-kind distribution, which would need to be supported with trader transportation of timber directly to their households. Also recommended is additional research and cross-checking with the Shelter Cluster, government stakeholders and affected communities. Recommendations for the bean market system include cash-based interventions to increase the purchasing power of target beneficiaries; the provision of local and/or well-adapted bean seeds to farmers in time for agricultural production for the next season and supporting them with vegetable nurseries; the supply of credit to farmers to restore productive assets/infrastructure; the supply of credit to wholesalers whose stores were destroyed; market support activities to improve market system performance and monitoring and phase out of food aid activities.

On January 12, 2010, an earthquake of 7.0 magnitude hit the island of Haiti, approximately 25 km west of Port au Prince. Approximately 692,000 people have been displaced in Port au Prince, many of whom are living in spontaneous urban camps. This EMMA study was conducted about four weeks after the earthquake, focusing on the market system for rice, Haiti's staple food, and the earthquake-affected population in Port-au-Prince. To help restore rice markets while meeting the affected population's food needs, this report recommends ensuring transparency and communication between market actors and the humanitarian community; enhancing market-place security; targeted, diversified food distribution; monitoring market recovery and potential bottlenecks; simultaneous Cash-for-Work and Food-for-Work programs; and unconditional cash transfers to households and most affected market chain actors, particularly small wholesalers.

On January 12, 2010, an earthquake of 7.0 magnitude hit the island of Haiti, approximately 25 km west of Port au Prince. Up to 230,000 people died country-wide in the quake, and another 300,000 were injured. Approximately 800,000 have been displaced in Port au Prince, many of whom are living in spontaneous urban camps. This EMMA study focused on the beans market system in Port-au-Prince. It recommends stimulating demand through cash transfers or vouchers, repairing the port to allow for trade, implementing cash for work projects to repair infrastructure and damaged roads, paying trader debts, transferring cash to farmers for seed purchase and increasing market security. Only if programs to restore the market chain fail should food aid be considered.

On January 12, 2010, an earthquake of 7.0 magnitude hit the island of Haiti, approximately 25 km west of Port au Prince. Up to 230,000 people died country-wide in the quake, and another 300,000 were injured. Approximately 800,000 have been displaced in Port au Prince, many of whom are living in spontaneous urban camps. This EMMA study focused on the beans market system in Port-au-Prince. It recommends stimulating demand through cash transfers or vouchers, repairing the port to allow for trade, implementing cash for work projects to repair infrastructure and damaged roads, paying trader debts, transferring cash to farmers for seed purchase and increasing market security. Only if programs to restore the market chain fail should food aid be considered.

On January 12, 2010 a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti, killing an estimated 222,653 people and wounding an additional 310,000. The Sud-Est (Southeast) department was one of the worst hit areas. This assessment analyzes the market system for beans in the Sud-Est department of Haiti in March-April 2010. Recommended short-term interventions include seed distributions, scaling down food distributions and cash-based programs to improve the buying power of affected households. Longer-term recommended interventions for improving the overall function of the beans market to mitigate future disruptions include laying the foundation for a functioning private-sector seed system, working with existing or new institutions to provide financial services appropriate for agriculture, working with authorities to approve security at key market places and undertaking disaster risk reduction measures such as improving storage and preservation of surplus harvests.